ANSWERS PROTISTS AND FUNGI

Protists and fungi

      I.            Vocabulary

1.      protists an organism that belongs to the kingdom protista

2.      cilia  tiny hairlike structure

3.      flagella whiplike structure

4.      eukaryotic cell  cell with nucleus

5.      parasite  an organism that feeds on an organism of another species

6.      conjugation  process by which 2 organisms join and exchange genetic material

7.      binary fission  single cell divides into 2 cells

8.      chloroplasts organelles that help in photosynthesis

9.      host an organism from which a parasite takes food or shelter

10.  multiple fission process used to make more cells

11.  heterotrophs an organism that gets its food by eating other organisms

12.  silica glasslike substance

13.  algae  eukaryotic organism that converts the sun’s energy into food

14.  mutualism one organism lives closely to other organisms

15.  Pseudopodia false feet

16.  Colonies group of organisms

17.  Micronucleus small nucleus

18.  Macronucleus big nucleus

19.  Protozoans  mobile protists

20.  phytoplankton the microscopic photosynthetic organism

21.  Zooflagellates are protists that wave flagella back and forth to move

22.  Fungus eukaryotic heterotrophy that have a rigid cell

23.  Mychorrhiza relatinships of a plant and a fungus

24.  Mycelium the mass of a fungus philament

25.  Hypha a non reproductive filament of a fungus

26.  Mold a fungus that look like wool or cotton

   II.            Answer the questions

1.      An euglenoid have:

a)      A micronucleus

b)      Pseudopodia

c)      Two flagella

d)      Cilia

2.      Which statement about fungi is true?

a)      Fungi are producers

b)      Fungi cannot eat or engulf food

c)      Fungi are found only in the soil

d)      Fungi are primarily single celled

3.      A lichen is made up of:

a)      A fungus and a funguslike protest that live together

b)      An alga and a fungus that live together

c)      2 kinds of fungus that live together

d)      An alga and a funguslike protest that live together

III.         

2.      Complete the chart with examples

Protist	Diatoms	Amoeba	Green algae	Zooflagellate	Slime mold
Fungi	Sac fungi	Threadlike fungi	Imperfect fungi	Club fungi	Nonmushroom club fungi

3.       

Producers	H. that can move	H. that can’t move
Green algae	Amoeba	Slime mold
Red algae	Zooflagellate	Water molds
Brown algae	Ciliates	Spore forming protists
Diatoms
Euglenoids
Dinoflagellate

4.       

Protist	Characteristics	Environment
Dinoflagellates	Single celled Flagella Producers, consumers and decomposers	Mainly in salt water Some in snow or fresh water water
Green algae	Green pigment Single celled	Water Moist soil Melting snow Tree trunks
Amoeba	Highly structure cells Eat bacteria and small protists pseudopodia	Fresh and salt water Soil Parasites of animals
Ciliates	Complex protists Cilia Use cilia for moving and eating 2 nuclei	Lives in water(inference)
Slime mold	Heterotrophic Move in certain places	Water
Euglenoid	Single celled flagella	Lives in fresh water

5.       

Group	Characteristics	Reproduction	Examples
Threadlike fungi	Lives in the soil Are decomposers	Sexually and asexually	Bread mold
Sac fungi	Made of many cells Some are parasites	Sexually and asexually	Yeasts, powder mildars, truffles, morels and mildews
Club fungi	Most are underground	sexually	Mushrooms, gills and white destroying angel

IV.            Answer the questions (Critical Thinking)

1.      What is the function of cilia in a paramecium?

Paramecium use cilia for moving and eating

2.      Why do you think bread turns moldy less quickly when it is kept in a refrigerator that when it is kept at room temperature?

Because when bacteria is in high or low temperature the reproduce less quickly than at room temperature

3.      Some protozoans such as radiolarians and fonamirifeans have shells around their bodies. How might these shells be helpful to the protists that live in them?

To be protected from other protists

4.      Suppose a forest where many threadlike fungi live goes through a very dry summer and fall and then a very cold winter. How could this extreme weather affect the reproductive patterns of these fungi?

They can’t reproduce faster because they are at extreme temperatures

   V.            Answer the questions (scientific comprehension)

1.      What are the common characteristics of protists?

All have eukaryote cells

2.      What do parasites cause to hosts? Why?

Harm, to get the nutrients

3.      What happens with the reproduction?

Skips one generation

4.      What is the name of the parasite that causes malaria?

Plasmodium vivax

5.      What do all algae have?

The green pigment chlorophyll

6.      What do phytoplankton provides to organisms in water?

Food and oxygen

7.      Where must fungi live?

On or near food supply

8.      How is sexual reproduction in fungi?

Happen when special structures form to make sex cells. The cells join to produce spores that grow into a new fungus

9.      Where are lichens found?

Everywhere mainly in rocks

10.  What do lichens need to live and grow?

Air, light and minerals

11.  How can lichens affect rocks?

They make acids that break down rock and can cause cracks

12.  What do heterotrophs protists eat?

Yeast, bacteria and other protists